Essay about The Dangers of Race Based Medicine - 4235 Words

The Dangers of Race-Based Medicine An analysis of new drug therapies specifically targeted towards African American populations with hypertension. I. Introduction to Contemporary Race-Based Therapeutics On November 11th, 2004, NitroMed, a Massachusetts based pharmaceutical company published a study on the effects of a new drug called BiDil in treating heart failure among African Americans in the New England Journal of Medicine (Taylor 2049). Since announcing the study, NitroMed’s research has sparked controversy surrounding the ethical implications and scientific evidence of race-based medicine. This study marks a breakthrough in race-based drug treatments as the first pharmaceutical ever researched, endorsed and targeted for a†¦show more content†¦Race-based medications seem highly personalized to the consumer but are simply a short cut to the goal of individually-specific medication. Marketing drugs targeted at particular phenotypes such as race is incredibly lucrative for pharmaceutical companies. For NitroMed, this factor will be especially important because African Americans have far higher cases of hypertension than whites while tending to be less responsive to normal treatments than their white counterparts. When the scientific community begins to spread unfounded hypotheses regarding genetic differences between races, particularly differences that attribute poorer health or increased susceptibility to disease among minority groups, a Pandora’s Box is opened of potential dangers which can aid proponents of racist doctrines. Historically, scientific studies that sought to prove biological differences among races have led to violently racist movements like slavery, colonialism, and the Holocaust. Hence, as other pharmaceutical companies follow NitroMed’s path and begin marketing drugs targeted for specific racial groups, the dangers of such race-based therapeutics must be acknowledged. Finally, advocates of race-based medicine claim that the scientific underpinnings are irrelevant if a medication is proven to be effective for a particular group. In such a way, race-based medicine is a short-term solution, treating the symptoms of race-related disease without understanding theShow MoreRelatedRace Labeling Of Non Whites From Clinical Trials1656 Words   |  7 PagesMoreover, Bidil race labeling might actually have undermined the broader goal of increasing racial minorities’ participation in clinical trials (Winickoff and Obasogie, 2008). For instance, by specifying African Americans as the only beneficiaries of BiDil, the same idea could be applied for a special efficacy drug for Whites, â€Å"the largest and most lucrative population segment of the United States† (Winickoff and Obasogie,2008). This logic could be used to justify the exclusion of non-Whites fromRead MoreThe Truth about Vitamin D Deficiency Essay1642 Words   |  7 PagesVitamin D def iciency: In the event that you avoid the sun, experience the ill effects of milk anaphylaxes, or stick to a strict veggie lover diet, you may be at danger for vitamin D inadequacy. Known as the daylight vitamin, vitamin D is transformed by the body because of daylight. It is additionally happens characteristically in a couple of sustenance’s including some fish, fish liver oils, and egg yolks - and in sustained dairy and grain items. 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Introduction for Research Example - 3481 Words

Introduction Nowadays, technology is considered as one reason why other countries are in the highest class. Through technology people gained knowledge by discovering different things that may help for the improvement of the country. Technology is far getting farther. Technology, which began from a simple device, now becomes a high speed and multi – tasking one. This is the only way in which they cope with their various demands of their customers, clients and furthermore they do not have to waste their time in doing their business works. Universities and colleges, secondary and elementary schools play a vital role in shaping student’s mental, emotional and social aspect. Quezon-Roxas High School is one of the institutions in Marinduque†¦show more content†¦Handling o the adding, changing, dropping of subjects and solving enrolment related problems. (Management Information System Office, 2006) Based on the MMS (2008) the automated student info-system can handle all the school and/or district needs such as maintaining grades, producing report cards, automatically registers all students from the first day of school and producing a standardized, computerized and customized register reports. This is done to lessen the time and efforts rendered by the faculties in creating, managing and keeping all students’ records. With these, it suggest to have an automated student info-system which will give lots of benefits and problems will then be minimized and lessen compared with the continuous use of the manual system. 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St. Patrick Nursing Home Human Resource Management & Policies- Essay

Question : A complete essay on Human Resource Management and policies for St. Patricks Nursing home ? Answer : Introduction It is very important for St. Patricks nursing home to understand the human resource policies that are prevailing in the organization so that they can make improvements accordingly. If changes in the human resource policies are done then it will create an impact on the whole organization and hence, positive changes can be easily expected. The management should understand the existing policies and understand the places wherein improvement can be done so that the managements requirements and the staffs requirements are in line with that of each other. St. Patricks employees happy and hence, they arent delivering good work and this is ultimately creating an impact on the services that they provide. Recruitment planning Few factors need to be considered so that the recruitment of good candidates can be ensured. St. Patricks nursing home should understand the impact of different things that create an impact on the organization. Few of the factors that would help the organization to have best of resources are discussed below. It is the responsibility of the management to understand the vacancies that are prevailing at St. Patricks nursing home. If the management thinks that all the employees who leave the organization will have to be replaced with external recruitment then its wrong because most of the positions in the organization can be filled internally. The people in the organization can be internally promoted and the junior positions will have to be filled externally. The number of employees who needs to be hired for different positions needs to be considered and then accordingly, the recruitment should be started. Sources of recruitment should be considered before the start of hiring. It is very important for the management to understand the source so that the quality of resources in the organization can be maintained. If St. Patricks nursing home is planning to hire trainees then they can hire the employees from colleges otherwise the employees will have to be hired through references or job portal. The management cannot be ignorant with the internal references and hence, their interview needs to be taken accordingly. Job descriptions will give an idea to the employees regarding what are the activities that they will be doing while they are associated with the organization. The job description should be clear with regards to the job that the employee will be doing while they are in the organization. This will help the organization to attract the employees who can stay with the organization for a longer time. Similarly, the job description should talk about the experience that the employee will have to hold and also the tasks that they would have handled in the past. This will help the organization to attract the resources that are well aware of the work that they need to do. The sources of recruitment should also be considered while the recruitment process starts. If the organization is planning to freshers then they can go to colleges and interview people and similarly, if they are planning to hire experienced people can job portals and internal references will have to be considered. If job portals are considered then the search criteria will have to be decided and on the other end, for internal references, appropriate marketing needs to be done (Fodor 2009). Relevant Legislative and policy frameworks which will create an impact on the selection, recruitment and employment of individuals Various legislative and policy frameworks will create an impact on the recruitment, selection and the employment policies that will govern St. Patricks nursing home. Few of the legislative policies that will have to be considered while the organization starts with the recruitment process, are discussed below. Discrimination on any grounds should be avoided at St. Patricks nursing home so that the organization can be free from unwanted legal issues. Discrimination on the grounds of caste, gender, family status, color, race, religion, nationality and other factors should be avoided at any cost. The management will have to ensure that the interviews are taken by only considering the qualifications of an employees and not anything else. This will help the organization to be away from legal complications. Similarly, during the interviewing process, the interviewer cannot ask much of personal questions. Much of personal questions will be considered to be illegal and hence, they can just ask questions that can actually create an impact on the work schedule and working pattern of the employee. Approaches to selection Various approaches to selection should be considered at St. Patricks nursing home so that the right resources are selected. Few of the approaches that need to be taken into consideration so that the right resources are hired are discussed below. First and foremost, the organization will have to prepare job description for all the roles in the organization. It is important for the management of St. Patricks nursing home to understand if the job description is in sync with the roles and responsibilities that are handled by the employees in the organization. Later, the nursing home will have to take a look at the number of employees who are prevailing in the organization for each job description. Accordingly, the organization will have to decide on the resources that will be required so that the employees are hired as per the requirement. Job posting is also a strategy that needs to be acquired while the selection process in on. All the roles and responsibilities that an employee will be handling at St. Patricks nursing home should be included in the job posting. This will help the employer to attract right employees. The selection decision shouldnt be made with the help of only one round of interview. Many levels of interviews should be taken so that the management can be rest assured about the qualities that the candidate holds. Initially a simple technical round can be taken wherein the interviewer can check on the work that they have done previously. In the second round of interview, technical questions pertaining to the work that they have done should asked so that the management can be rest assured that the employee have actually worked and not just saying. In the last round of interview, the HR professional should check if the employee will be the right match for the organization. Interaction among the employees The employees at St. Patricks nursing home interact with each other based on the systems theory. The systems theory states that the organization is made up of living organisms and they need to interact with each other so that a successful organization can be formed. It is seen that the employees at St. Patricks nursing home interact with each other and also with the subsystems in the organization so that a successful organization can be formed. The success of the nursing home is largely dependent on the interrelationships and interdependence that they share with each other. An employee in one department will be independent on the employees from the other department for information and data. It is merely impossible for all the departments in the organization to work independently. It is the responsibility of the management to look for ways by which the interaction between two or more employees in the organization for different purpose is coordinal. If the coordinal relationship is not maintained then there are possibilities for fights and arguments and this may lead to problems within the system. Approaches to increase team working Various strategies can be undertaken by the management of the organization to work together in a team rather than that of working as an individual. Few of the approaches that will help the employees at St. Patricks nursing home to interact more with each other are discussed below. It is important for the management to interact with the employees in the organization and hence, the managers at St. Patricks nursing home will have to hold regular one-on-one meetings with the employees. The manager should clearly share the expectations that they have with their team members and at the same time, the team members should also clearly state their expectations. The management should hold get together parties in the organization so that the employees in the organization can interact with each other. It is very important for employees to interact with each other at personal level so that they can work cordially. These parties can work as a platform wherein employees can enjoy and interact with people at the personal level. Personal relations in the organization can be improved and this will motivate the employees to stay with the organization for a longer time (Chow 2013). Performance appraisals 360 degree performance appraisal can be undertaken at St. Patricks nursing home. This will help the employees to understand the areas wherein they need to improve and the areas wherein they are good. In 360 degree performance appraisal, the manager, the team members and also the colleagues will give their feedback and rating, so the feedback will be very real. If other performance appraisal methods are implemented then there are possibilities that the employees may find that the process is partial. Employees will be satisfied with the review that they receive from the employees. There are various advantages of 360 degree performance appraisal and hence, St. Patricks nursing home should implement this over the other methods that are available. In 360 degree performance appraisal, the employees will be judged on various aspects like the work performance, behavior at work and attitude. This appraisal will help the employee to work and better in their day to day work. The job satisfaction of the employees will be very high when 360 degree performance appraisal is implemented in the organization. The employees will be happy to know their performance. Most of the employees may not be willing to accept the review that they receive from the managers but all the employees will be aware that the review through 360 degree performance appraisal is real and will be accepted. Assessing the training needs of the organization It is very important to assess the training needs of the employees at St. Patricks nursing home. Assessing the training needs will help the employees to understand the areas wherein they need to improve so that they can contribute for the further betterment of the organization. To understand the training needs of the employees, the organization should understand the needs of the organization. St. Patricks nursing home will expect the employees to hold certain qualifications so that the employees can succeed in the organization. The management of the nursing home should list these expectations that they have from the employees. Secondly, the HR professionals should identify the qualifications that the employees hold. The requirements of the organization and the competence level of the employees should be in sync with that of each other. This will help the HR professionals to develop a training program that can be used for the betterment of the employees and the organization as well. If the HR professionals at St. Patricks nursing home is comfortable with talking to all the employees individually then a questionnaire should be prepared. This questionnaire should be distributed to the employees so that they can fill it. This will help the HR professionals to understand the training that the HR professionals will have to arrange for each of the employees in the organization. Strategies for continual development of employees Various strategies can be implemented at St. Patricks nursing home so that the employees in the organization can improve continuously. Continual improvement will help the organization to perform better. Few of the strategies that can be used by St. Patricks nursing home so that the employees can perform better are discussed below. Few of the employees at St. Patricks nursing home will require technical training so all the employees who require technical training on any particular aspect will have to be trained together. Apart from that, the employees may also think that they will have to improve their soft skills so that they can interact with their team members and also with their patience. This will help the employees to be better and happy in the work environment. These training needs should be fulfilled by the HR professionals. If any new technology is introduced at the nursing home then the employees will have to be given hands on training so that they can use the equipments appropriately rather than that of experimenting with it. It is the responsibility of the senior management to ensure that the junior staffs use the new equipment under the supervision of the senior employees. This is better for the organization as well as the patients who will be visiting the nursing home (Buren, 2013). Leadership theories Various leadership theories can be implemented at St. Patricks nursing home so that the resources in the organization are satisfied. Few of the leadership theories that will be considered to be appropriate to manage the employees at St. Patricks nursing home are discussed below. Trait theory can be used at St. Patricks nursing home so that they can identify the leaders. Few of the traits of the great leader would be decision making, personality, intelligence and also decision making. If an individual has all the required skills then they can be a good leader. The HR professionals will come across people who may miss on certain skills so it is the responsibility of the management to train those leaders so that they can lead the other employees in the organization. Good leader will also perform and they will also help the employees at St. Patricks nursing home to also perform. Situational leadership is one of the best leadership strategies that can be implemented in nursing home. In the nursing home, different situations may come and it is the responsibility of the leader to understand the situation and act accordingly. If the situations arent handled accordingly then there are possibilities that the employees may leave the organization and the patients may also not be satisfied with the service that they are receiving from the staffs in the nursing care. How to build working relationship? It is very important in the organization to build working relationship so that all the employees at St. Patricks nursing home are able to deliver the results that they require. Few of the ways by which the working relationships among the employees in the organization can be improved are discussed below. All the employees at St. Patricks nursing home should be trained to develop their people skills. Improving the people skills will help the employees to interact which each other and hence, the employees will be professional and personal with each other. The employees should be made aware of the importance of having good relations at workplace. Many employees may think that they work in the organization and hence, maintaining cordial relationships with the employees may not be necessary but thats a wrong perception that people hold. It is the responsibility of the HR professionals to make employees realize the importance of personal and professional relationship in the organization wherein an employee spends approximately 8-10 hours in a day. It is very important in an organization to maintain good relationship but the professionals should understand the line that they need to draw between friendship and professionalism. An accountant can be friends with a nurse in the organization bu t the accountant cannot share the revenue details of St. Patricks nursing home. All the employees should know the extent to which friendship can be maintained so that the employees are happy and the betterment of the organization is also not stopped (Brencic, 2012). Team lunch and group meetings should be encouraged by the management so that the employees like to stay in the organization for a longer time. In the absence of personal relationships with colleagues in the organization, the employees may not stay in the organization for a longer time. Frequently changing employees would mean that the organization will have to make more investments in training the employees who will be hired newly. The managers at St. Patricks nursing home should be asked to appreciate the employees who are doing a good job. Appreciation in front of the team will motivate the employees to stay back longer with the organization. Appreciation will not cost anything but it can be used as an effective tool when the managers are putting in efforts to retain the employees. Management approach towards the employees The management at St. Patricks nursing home should be approachable so that the employees can feel comfortable to share their problems with the management. The management may state that they can just an email to the management members but the management needs to understand the employees may not be able to drop an email for all the things that are going on in the organization. Talking to the management member will also allow the employees in the organization to be confident about the growth of the organization. The management members should be qualified enough to understand the concerns of the employees. A single management member will not be able to understand the concerns of all the employees and hence, different management member should address the problems of different employees. A doctors concern will always be understood by someone who himself has been a doctor. The hiring of management members in the organization will also be a strategy. The management members should walk on the floor on daily basis so that the doctors as well as the patients are aware of the management and this will make them more accessible (Arzensek, 2012). Conclusion The management should revise the human resources policies at regular intervals so that the employees are satisfied in the organization. If the employees think that the HR policies at St. Patricks nursing home are not good then they will look for an organization that has better HR policies. Revision the current policy will help the management to retain the employees. References Arzensek. (2012). A Comparative Study of Cognitive Schemas of HRM During Economic Crisis in Two Slovenian Sectors. Management. pp. 35-53 Brencic. (2012). Managing in a time of crisis: marketing, HRM and innovation. Journal of business and industrial marketing. pp. 436-446 Buren. (2013). Ethics and HRM education. Journal of academic ethics. pp. 1-15 Chow. (2013). HRM systems and firm performance: The mediation role of strategic orientation. Asia Pacific Journal of management. pp. 53-72 Fodor. (2009). he Impact of the Economic and Financial Crisis on HRM and Knowledge-Management in Hungary and Slovakia - Empirical Research 2008-2009. Acta polytechnica Hungarica. pp. 69-91